Pathophysiology
Clinical meaning
Thyroid storm is a life-threatening exacerbation of hyperthyroidism characterized by an acute surge in thyroid hormone action. Excessive T3 and T4 dramatically increase cellular metabolic rate, oxygen consumption, and heat production. Beta-adrenergic receptor sensitivity is amplified, causing severe tachycardia, hypertension, and cardiac dysfunction. Multi-organ failure can occur from hyperthermia, cardiovascular collapse, and CNS dysfunction. The nurse monitors vital signs, temperature, neurological status, and cardiac rhythm, reporting all changes immediately.