Pathophysiology
Clinical meaning
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by reversible bronchospasm, airway edema, and excessive mucus production. Mast cell degranulation releases histamine and leukotrienes causing immediate bronchoconstriction. Over time, chronic inflammation leads to airway remodeling with smooth muscle hypertrophy and subepithelial fibrosis. Connect Asthma Basics (/) to bedside cues you will reassess first: vitals trends, work of breathing, perfusion, mentation, and pain or ischemic equivalents when relevant. Boards reward recognizing when subtle instability outweighs reassurance, then selecting nursing actions that protect airway, circulation, and neurologic status before routine tasks.