Pathophysiology
Clinical meaning
Appendicitis occurs when the appendiceal lumen becomes obstructed (by fecalith, lymphoid hyperplasia, or foreign body), leading to bacterial overgrowth, mucosal inflammation, increased intraluminal pressure, and ischemia. Without intervention, the appendix can perforate within 24-72 hours, causing peritonitis. The nurse monitors for classic signs (periumbilical pain migrating to RLQ), maintains NPO status, and reports changes promptly.