Pleural Effusion Management

Pleural effusion results from imbalance in Starling forces or lymphatic drainage. Light criteria differentiate transudative (CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic) from exudative (infection, malignancy, PE): exudative if any of protein ratio >0.5, LDH ratio >0.6, or LDH >2/3 upper normal. Diagnostic thoracentesis for all new effusions unless bilateral and clinical CHF. Connect Pleural Effusion Management to bedside cues you will reassess first: vitals trends, work of breathing, perfusion, mentation, and pain or ischemic equivalents when relevant. Boards reward recognizing when subtle instability outweighs reassurance, then selecting nursing actions that protect airway, circulation, and neurologic status before routine tasks.