Pathophysiology
Clinical meaning
UTI pathogenesis involves uropathogenic E. coli (80% of uncomplicated UTIs) with P-fimbriae and type 1 pili adhesins. Uncomplicated cystitis: nitrofurantoin 100mg BID x5 days or TMP-SMX x3 days (if resistance <20%). Pyelonephritis: fluoroquinolone x7 days or IV ceftriaxone. Complicated UTI: IV antibiotics with imaging to rule out obstruction/abscess. CAUTI: remove/replace catheter + antibiotics based on culture.