Key Concepts
Overview
Acid-Base Imbalances in COPD and Respiratory Failure (Fluids, Electrolytes & Acid-Base) links volume status, tonicity, electrolyte shifts, and acid–base balance to nursing judgment: recognize hyperkalemia with conduction emergencies, symptomatic hyponatremia and overcorrection risk, pulmonary edema from fluid overload, unsafe potassium infusions, calcium/tetany emergencies, magnesium toxicity, and ABG patterns under pressure—and escalate when airway, perfusion, or rhythm is threatened. Canadian items may show SI units (mmol/L) for electrolytes and glucose where the stem uses metric labs; prioritization logic matches NCLEX-RN. Pathway context (RN, Canada). This lesson supports NCLEX-RN preparation with Canada-friendly framing. Continue with related lessons from the pathway lesson hub. Learning objectives - Integrate vitals, I&O, weights, lung exam, neuro status, ECG, and BMP/ABG to identify fluid and electrolyte emergencies. - Select nursing interventions and teaching aligned with orders, scope, pharmacy protocols, and facility policy. - Communicate early when findings suggest unstable hyperkalemia, seizing hyponatremia, respiratory failure with acidosis, rapid sodium shifts, or incompatible IV electrolyte orders. Why it matters for nursing care: Acid-Base Imbalances in COPD and Respiratory Failure requires early recognition, careful trend assessment, and rapid prioritization when...