Pathophysiology
Clinical meaning
Following untreated Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis, molecular mimicry triggers an autoimmune response where antibodies attack cardiac tissue (especially mitral valve), joints, skin, and the CNS. The cross-reactive antibodies damage the valve endothelium, leading to chronic valvular disease. Connect Rheumatic Fever to bedside cues you will reassess first: vitals trends, work of breathing, perfusion, mentation, and pain or ischemic equivalents when relevant. Boards reward recognizing when subtle instability outweighs reassurance, then selecting nursing actions that protect airway, circulation, and neurologic status before routine tasks.