Overview
Introduction
Oxytocin (Pitocin) is the most commonly used uterotonic agent in obstetrics.
Oxytocin (Pitocin) is the most commonly used uterotonic agent in obstetrics. It is a synthetic form of the naturally occurring hypothalamic hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk letdown during breastfeeding. Oxytocin is on the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) HIGH-ALERT medication list for the obstetric setting because of its narrow therapeutic index and potential for serious harm. Clinical uses: 1. Labor induction: Initiating labor when cervical conditions are favorable 2. Labor augmentation: Strengthening inefficient contractions in active labor 3. Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) prevention: Routine administration after delivery of placenta 4. PPH treatment: Higher doses for active postpartum uterine atony Key nursing responsibility: Titrate oxytocin to achieve adequate contractions (3–5 contractions in 10 minutes, each lasting 40–60 seconds with adequate resting tone) while preventing tachysystole and fetal distress.