Overview
INTRODUCTION
Paralytic ileus is a temporary cessation of normal intestinal motility in the absence of a mechanical obstruction.
Paralytic ileus is a temporary cessation of normal intestinal motility in the absence of a mechanical obstruction. Unlike a bowel obstruction caused by a physical blockage, paralytic ileus occurs when the muscles and nerves responsible for peristalsis fail to function properly. The result is an inability of the intestines to move gas, fluids, and intestinal contents forward through the gastrointestinal tract. Paralytic ileus is one of the most common postoperative gastrointestinal complications, particularly following abdominal surgery. While many cases resolve spontaneously, prolonged ileus can result in severe fluid shifts, electrolyte abnormalities, malnutrition, bowel distention, aspiration, respiratory compromise, and extended hospitalization. Early recognition is essential because paralytic ileus may initially resemble mechanical bowel obstruction but requires different management strategies. ================================================================= ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY ================================================================= NORMAL INTESTINAL MOTILITY