Overview
Pathophysiology
Typical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) most often follows infection with Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC), commonly after a diarrheal illness that may be bloody.
Typical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) most often follows infection with Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), commonly after a diarrheal illness that may be bloody. This single mechanism explains the defining triad of HUS. Schistocytes, which are fragmented red blood cells seen on peripheral blood smear, are the hallmark of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and confirm the mechanism of hemolysis. To prevent further kidney injury, it is important to avoid nephrotoxic exposure whenever possible, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs unless specifically ordered for a compelling indication.